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April 2012www.sname.org/sname/mt Published by the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers 601 Pavonia Avenue, Jersey City, NJ 07306 Phone: 201-798-4800 Fax: 201-798-4975 www.sname.org/sname/mt Edward Comstock President ecomstock@sname.org Erik Seither Executive Director eseither@sname.org Susan Evans Grove Publications Director sevans@sname.org Douglas R. Kelly Editor dkelly@sname.org Alan Rowen Book Review Editor arowen@sname.org Dave Weidner, Advertising Sales advertising@sname.org Tommie-Anne Faix, Publications Sales Associate tfaix@sname.org Editorial Advisory Board Design Bates Creative Group, Silver Spring, MD O cers of the Society Edward Comstock, President Erik Seither, Executive Director Bruce Rosenblatt, Treasurer Regional Vice Presidents 2012: Paci?c: Gary Thompson Atlantic North: William Caliendo 2013: Central & Gulf: Joseph H. Comer, III Atlantic South: H. Paul Cojeen International: John Kokarakis 2014:William B. Hale John Volc 2015:Atlantic South: Robert J. Gies Central & Gulf: Scott C. McClure International: Harilaos N. Psaraftis Publication in (mt) Marine Technology does not constitute an endorsement of any product or service referred to, nor does publication of an advertisement represent an endorsement by the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers or the magazine. All articles represent the viewpoints of the authors and are not necessarily those of the Society of Naval Archit ects and Marine Engineers, or the magazine. Subscriptions: (mt) Marine Technology is circulated to all members of the Society as a portion of their dues allocation. Non-member subscript ions are $120 annually for the U.S. and possession s; single copies are $35. For international non-members, subscriptions are $130 annually; single copies are $35. (mt) Marine Technology is dedicated to James Kennedy, 1867-1936, marine engineer and longtime member of the Society, in recognition and appreciation of his sincere and generous interest in furthering ship design, shipbuilding, ship operation, and related activi ties. (from the editorial board ) April 2012 The likelihood and consequences of marine casualties have dramatically declined over the past half-century, in part due to technological improvements in ships and related systems. However, the publics growing intolerance for safety and environmental risk suggests that more has to be done going forward, and recent casualties such as the Macondo blowout and spill in the Gulf of Mexico and the grounding of Costa Concordia have only reinforced this. If substantive improvements are to be achieved, human factors engineering will no doubt play a central role. Whether the number is 70%, 80% or 90%, it is widely accepted that the majority of marine casualties is related to human factors. For these reasons, the edi- torial board of (mt) magazine decided to dedicate this issue to health, safety, and ergonomics. In many ways, the multi-disciplinary world of human factors is still in its infancy. In the maritime industry, we are beginning to develop more reliable quantitative databases to replace anecdotal data, which will be instrumental in improving ergonomic design and serve as the basis for risk assessment. Making designs more suitable to the operator is only part of the challenge. It is now recognized that many of the factors that lead to catastrophic events are systemic in nature, and not simply the result of an individual failing to do his or her job. ere is likely a chain of events leading to a casualty, with many contributing factors. is issue of (mt) explores many aspects of human factors. Robert Sumwalt and Sean Dalton provide the National Transportation Safety Boards perspective on the important role corporate leadership plays in enhancing safety, while Vaughan Pomeroy digs into the multi-dimensional nature of human factors. COTECMARs Angela Chamorro examines designing for habitability and the application of ergonomics, while Mike Barnett shares investigations on improving understanding of the impact of watch patterns and workloads on fatigue and performance. Each issue of (mt) is coordinated by two members of the editorial board with expertise in that issues theme. ese individuals take the lead in soliciting articles and working with authors. As chair of the editorial board, I would like to thank Kevin McSweeney and Jeom Paik for their outstanding work in putting together this issue. To learn more about these two, check out their bios at the bottom of the page. Keith Michel Chair, SNAME (mt) Editorial Board Kevin McSweeney manages the Safety & Human Factors Group in the Corporate Technology Department of the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS). His responsibilities include the development of ergonomics, habitability, and safety design guidance for the maritime industry. He is currently leading a research e ort focused on mariner personal safety through the review of injury and near miss data supplied by indus- try partners. McSweeney has served as a human factors engineering subject matter expert to the United States Navy and the United States Coast Guard regarding the ABS Naval Vessel Rules Human Systems Integration, System Safety, and Habitability requirements. Jeom Kee Paik is a professor in the Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering at Pusan National University (PNU) in Korea. He earned a bachelor of engi- neering from PNU in 1981, a master of engineering in 1984, and a doctor of engi- neering in 1987 from Osaka University in Japan. He is president of the Ship and O shore Research Institute and director of e Lloyds Register Educational Trust (e LRET) Research Centre of Excellence at PNU. Paik is a fellow of SNAME and of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects, and is editor-in-chief of Ships and Oshore Structures . He has authored more than 500 technical papers and several books. Exploring the Human Side Keith Michel, Chair Rod Allan Chris Cikanovich Chris Dlugokecki Vicki Dlugokecki Norbert DoerryJay Edgar Andrew Harville Peter Tang Jensen Kevin McSweeney Peter Noble Jeom Paik Hans Payer Erik SeitherMatt Tedesco Leaders for This Issue