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October 2011 www.sname.org/sname/mt environmental disaster of the BP oil spill?have created a zero tolerance environment. Migration towards higher EP stan- dards and rigorous operational compliance can be expected for any future government program that includes compliance with international regulations. In the civilian maritime classification model, com- plete international and domestic regulatory compliance is required from design through survey. Accordingly, the commercial shipbuilding industry may represent the best source of innovative design, program, and construction practices to begin incorporating energy ecient and envi- ronmentally sustaining features into future government ships. ere are a number of program practices and tech- nologies available to increase the sustainability of future government shipbuilding programs. Program Practices Environmental rule regime. Given that the International Association of Classication Societies has a close relationship with the IMO and the respective maritime administrations of each country, their member classication societies are uniquely positioned to perform certication to both interna- tional and domestic EP regulations. For example, ABS Steel Vessel Rules (SVR) oers notations that certify the demon- stration of MARPOL 73/78 compliance. Table 1 shows the list of available notations and their description. Under the U.S.C.G.s Alternate Compliance Program (ACP), ABS also provides the United States Flag certication, ensuring com- pliance with domestic regulations on behalf of the U.S.C.G. Commercial shipbuilding practice makes the combined use of SVR and ACP in the design and construction of ships as simple as possible, yet in full compliance with international and domestic regulation. Such a practice saves time, reduces cost, and minimizes risk during the design and construc- tion of a ship. Sustainable shipyard operations. A shipyard should not merely produce sustainable products; its facility should inherently parallel the shipboard energy and environmen- tally sustainable practices described here. e Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program is an international green building certication system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). LEED measures performance metrics in several categories that improve upon an existing baseline. Facilities that achieve the distinguished LEED mark are renowned in government, construction, and real estate as environmental stewards. Because no shipyard has yet achieved this milestone, a LEED-certied shipyard would have a distinct advantage for customers looking to build green.? e USGBC denes their LEED rating program as, a national consensus-based, market-driven building rat- ing system designed to accelerate the development and implementation of green building practices. In short, it is a leading-edge system for designing, constructing, and certi- fying the worlds greenest and best buildings.? Program oces should pursue shipyards in the pro- cess of achieving LEED certication under the Existing Buildings: Operation & Maintenance Program (EBOM). In order to be certied, a shipyard must earn a minimum of 40 out of 110 possible points in the seven categories shown in Table 2. Given the current economic climate and outlook on short term domestic shipbuilding, many shipyards are diversify- ing in alternative energy markets to help oset the traditional highs and lows inherent to shipbuilding and its uncertain future. TABLE . ABS STEEL VESSEL RULES EP NOTATIONS NotationApplicable standard GPHong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships ENVIROMARPOL 73/78 Annexes I, II, IV, V, VI ENVIRO +MARPOL 73/78 Annexes I, II, IV, V, VI EP2020MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI BWE Exchange requirements of the IMO Marine Environmental Protection Committee B allast Wa ter ManagementHSQEVarious, most notably ISO 14000 certi?cation TABLE . LEED EBOM POTENTIAL POINTS Total Possible Points* 110Sustainable Sites 26Water Eciency 14Energy & Atmosphere 35Materials & Resources 10Indoor Environmental Quality 15Innovation in Operations** 6Regional Priority**4*LEED tiers of certi?cation: Certi?ed - 40 points; Silver - 50 points; Gold - 60 points; Platinum - 80 points **Potential bonus points (maximum of 10 potential bonus points in addition to 100 possible points)